Page twenty six

 

 The Evolution of Scientific Thought:

For those interested in 

Science or History

 The following pages set out the scope and content of 8 lectures, given annually over the last 5 years..                                                         

 To challenge your thinking I have added some of my own conjectures and speculations about key theories:  Remembering that they are all just theories.  

   You can obtain a copy of these 8, 90 minute lectures as email attachments. (Approx 90 A4 pages) 

Just send AUS$20 together with your name and email address to:   

Burnard Morey      40 Laurie Street       CLOVERDALE 6105    West Australia 

 

 

 

 

THE EVOLUTION OF 

SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT 

 

 

 

 

 by

Burnard Morey      

BSc DCH FAIM FRACI

© Burnard Morey 2001,2,3,4,5

   

The Evolution of Scientific Thought 

Foreword

 

This series of lectures is a non-technical, non-mathematical exploration of the evolution of man’s thinking about the universe and the world around us, from Stonehenge until the end of the twentieth century. It formed the basis of a series of lectures in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and again in 2005, to The University of the Third Age in Perth, an extension service of the University of Western Australia,. You will meet many of the key players in this great saga, and the controversies that surrounded their discoveries and ideas. It helps us appreciate what a weird and wonderful world we live in, where, despite all our knowledge, we seem no nearer to solving the riddle of the universe – just a little more mystified.  

An Introductory Thought 

The more we speculate, and think scientifically, and the more we discover, the more we realise that we live in a very weird and bizarre World or Universe; which Einstein referred to as, ‘this strange world’. It surprises many scientists that we are able to understand it at all, and they see this as a very significant fact. It implies that mind, or consciousness, and physical reality, are somehow inter-related at the most fundamental level, as some interpretations of the Quantum Theory suggest. (see The Field, and the Intention Experiment, by Lynne McTaggart)

I suspect that at the most profound depths of reality it is not strange, weird, or bizarre at all, just very simple. Let me use music as an analogy. 

When you listen to a Beethoven Symphony, for example, the sound or harmony is extremely complex. It is a combination of the individual sounds of each instrument, which in turn have their own characteristic sounds: violins, cellos, basses, flutes, oboes, clarinets, trumpets, drums & symbols, even human voices.  

But each of these individual characteristic sounds is built up from what are called fundamentals – simple harmonic notes of different frequencies stretching on either side of what we have called middle C, which has a frequency of 256 vibrations per second. As these fundamentals are played together, they resonate; their waveforms interact and create harmonics and beats, such as chords, where you do not hear the individual notes but a composite sound – either pleasantly harmonious or discordant, which is a subjective judgement. And these in turn interact to create the even more complex harmonies or discords, which Beethoven weaves into his symphony. What you hear is nothing like the fundamental sound waves from which all this grew, in fact, you may find it difficult to appreciate that such simple sounds, or waves of energy, evolved and ended up as a Beethoven symphony. 

As human beings, we are no different. Our highly convoluted harmonious or discordant natures and personalities also are built up from the resonating interaction and the evolution of all our simple memories of learning, sensory experience, and thinking, making each of us as individual and as complex as that Beethoven Symphony. We evolve individually in much the same way that all of creation evolves – the resonating interaction of energy waves, in this case memory patterns. 

So I feel it is the same with the universe – a very profound but simple series of fundamentals, energy waves (in this case, electromagnetic), which through evolution over an infinity of time have woven themselves into the weird and bizarre universe in which we find ourselves living today. It is like the complex musical symphony; we only hear and see the final harmonies and discords, and not the simple fundamental depths from which it all evolved. In fact, these harmonies and discords are still evolving, and will continue to do so through infinity of time, because we live in a continually creative and creating universe (See lecture 6 on Evolution). Many, maybe most, of these evolutionary changes remain hidden from us because, not only are they spread over enormous eons of time, but also because of our personally limited vision and perception; our blinkered and biased view and interpretation of reality. Even the Instigator of this infinite symphony is invisible to our limited perception and understanding. What we see and hear and experience shows no similarity to the simplicity out of which it is all formed. We’ll glimpse that weirdness later when we consider the implications of the more recent thinking of scientists.

 

 

   CONTENTS

 Suggested reading list

 Introduction                              A Preliminary Thought – The Fundamentals

Chap 1 – Beginnings – what is science & what is truth?

                                    The Babylonians, Greeks, Egyptians

                                    Hermeticism & Alexandria

                                    Time keeping: The Calendar & clocks.

 

Chap 2 – The Language of Science –

                                    Mathematics

                                    The Babylonian contribution - 60

                                    The Arabs & Algebra

                                    Calculating – the abacus and Archimedes

                                    Zero, Infinity, the Calculus, Logarithms, Pi

                                     Is mathematics invented or discovered?

 

Chap 3 – The Dark Ages –

                                    Alphabet, writing & printing – papyrus, parchment, paper

                                    The Astrologers.  The Alchemists

                                    The Black Death – science on the back burner

                                    Paracelsus, Newton, The Royal Society

 

Chap 4 – The Renaissance –

                                    Da Vinci, Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler – the universe debate

                                    Science and the Church in conflict

                                     Galileo’s ‘confession’ before the Inquisition

                                    The Enlightenment

                                    Descartes & Rationalism

                                    Getting real – The changing attitude to reality                             

 

Chap 5 – The Age of Enlightenment

                                    Superstition

                                    Intuition & scientific discovery

                                    Transformation of the world picture

                                    The driving forces behind the evolution of Scientific Thought

 

Chap 6 – Getting Modern –

                                    Darwin & Evolution

                                     Religious conflict – modifications to Darwin’s theory    

                                    What is matter? Democritus to Dalton to Rutherford to Bohr

                                     Stars – primary & secondary – stellar furnaces – stardust – life

                                    Atoms, Rays, Particles, and Energy

 

Chap 7 – Radical Intuitive Theories –

                                    Relativity – Special & General: Albert Einstein –

                                     The Quantum Mechanical revolution: Max Planck

                                      Richard Feynman’s warning

                                      Spacetime – Gravity – Black Holes

                                      The ‘Uncertainty Principle’: Werner Heisenberg

                                       Matter & Consciousness - the conscious universe: David Bohm

                                       Return to the Hermetic idea of Oneness without the magic

  

Chap 8 – Unravelling the Universe –

                                    Creation – creation stories.

                                    The end of Orthodoxy & adopted ‘truths’ – a new interpretation of God

                                     The Big Bang:  ‘Black’ holes in the Big Bang Theory                                             

                                       Inflation

                                       Alternative theories?

                                       Stars, Galaxies, and Space

                                       The last word – Carl Sagan

 

Updated May 2008

 

Send this Web to a Student, Teacher or Parent:                 Click here for the Home Page and scroll down to the box

 

 Home                                Site Map                        Links Page